PMP認證考試練習題（十五）（中英文）

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1. You are employed by a federal agency and are managing a 3-year project with a $3 million budget. If project requirements change, you expect additional funds to become available toward the end of each fiscal year. You may use these funds for your project. You decide to establish a cost change control system to
Define when to add contingency funds to the project
Define the procedures by which the cost baseline may by changed
Determine why a cost variance has occurred
Determine whether a budget update is required

你受雇于一個聯邦機構來管理一個為期3年，預算達300萬美元的項目. 如果項目有變更需要，你就需要在每個財政年度的年度有更多的資金注入. 你可以在你的項目中使用這些資金. 你決定要建立一個成本變更控制系統，是為了
明確什么時候向項目添加應急資金
明確定義變更成本基線的程序
判斷成本變動發(fā)生的原因
判斷是否需要修改預算

2. You are managing the construction of a highly sophisticated, technologically complex, intruder-impenetrable data center in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. The center will house more than 500 servers for one of the world’s largest retailers who has decided to launch an e-business program in Asia. Although this location offers significant economic advantages, the threat of typhoons has caused you to create a backup plan to operate out of Manila in case the center is flooded. What type of risk response is this?
a. Passive avoidance
b. Mitigation
c. Active acceptance
d. Deflection

你正在巴布亞新幾內亞的波特摩斯比管理一個很精密而且技術上很復雜的數據庫侵入屏蔽項目. 這個數據中心要為一家零售商提供500臺服務器的容納量，而這家零售商是世界最大的零售商之一，且它決定要在亞洲啟動電子商務項目. 盡管這一地區(qū)具備難得的經濟優(yōu)勢，但迫于臺風的威脅你還是準備了一套備用計劃，即在這個數據中心遭洪水侵襲時，要改在馬尼拉外圍實施項目. 這屬于哪種類型的風險反應？
被動規(guī)避
緩解風險
積極面對
偏轉避險

3. You are preparing a project plan. You have identified a key subject matter expert. Her experience will be invaluable to project success. But you do not know when she will be available to support the project. Therefore, you have assumed a start date. This shows that assumptions generally involve some risk because they
Are based on lessons learned
May not have any historical precedent
Involve factors that limit the project management team’s options
Involve factors that are considered true, or certain

你正在準備一個項目計劃. 你已經找到了一個項目關鍵問題的專家. 她的經驗將對項目的成功產生不可估量的價值. 但是你不知道她什么時候能來支持你的項目. 因此，你只能先假設了項目開始時間. 這表明假設一般也會包含一些風險因素，因為它們
是在吸取以往教訓的基礎上做出的
可能 是史無前例的
包括了一些限制項目管理團隊選擇空間的因素
包括了一些經過深思熟慮的正確的、實際的或者確定的因素

4. You recently completed a major environmental remediation project involving the disposal of hazardous waste from a local power plant. Your client accepted the work, and your company has been paid. The project has been closed officially for more than 6 weeks. Now you are working on a new project that happens to be located at the same local power plant. While working on the new project, you discovered a possible flaw in the disposal system that was delivered for the earlier project. You reviewed drawings for that project and discovered that they are incomplete. No one else has confirmed your concerns. You do not believe and problems will be apparent for about 5 year, if ever. In this situation, you should
Do nothing because the project is complete and the customer accepted the work based on its own independent inspection
Alert your management to the situation, both orally and in writing, and request that someone else confirm your findings
Contact the customer directly and inform it of the potential problem so that it can modify your contract to correct the problem
Enhance your quality assurance and project review system immediately for future project.

你最后完成了一個涉及當地發(fā)電站有害廢物處理的大型環(huán)境補救項目. 你們的客戶驗收了你們的工作，你們公司也得了付款. 項目正式結束有6個多星期了. 現在你從事的新項目正好還是在那個相同的當地的發(fā)電站進行. 在實施新項目的時候，你發(fā)現前一個已交付使用的項目的處理系統可能存著缺陷. 你重新查看了原來項目的圖紙，發(fā)現它的確實是不完善的. 但沒有人認同你的擔心. 而你認為在5年之內也不會出現明顯的問題. 在這種情況下，你應該
什么也不要做，因為這個項目已經結束了，而且客戶也經他們自己的獨立檢查將項 目驗收通過了
同時以口頭和書面兩種形式向你的主管通告這種情況，并找別人來的發(fā)現
直接同客戶取得聯系，通知他們這個潛在的問題以修改你們的合同來糾正問題
在未來的項目中馬列上完善你們的質量保證和項目回顧系統

5. Because you were a finance major in college, you have been asked to be an active participant in your company’s project selection process. The project selection committee chair has asked you to describe ground rules and possible approaches for project selection. You know that organizations usually will not approve a project if its costs exceed its benefits, so you recommend using a discounted cash-flow approach. This approach is based in part on the economic theory that a dollar today generally is worth more that a dollar a year from now. Using this approach, the project is acceptable if the
a. Sum of the net present value of all estimated cash flow during the life of the project equals the profit
b. Net present value of the inflow is greater than the net present value of the outflow by a specified amount or percentage
c. Gross present value of all future expected cash flow divided by the initial cash investment is greater than one
d. Payback period occurs by the second year of the project.

由于你在大學學的是金融學專業(yè)，所以公司要求你要積極參與公司的項目選擇過程. 項目選擇委員會的主席要你介紹一些項目選擇的基本規(guī)則和可行的方法. 你知道那個組織通常不會批準成本會超出收益的項目，因此你推薦了折現的現金流量法. 這種方法是以今天的1美元通常要比1年后的1美元更有價值的經濟理論為基礎的. 根據這種方法，項目在下列哪種情況下才能被接受
項目生命周期內估計的現金流量的凈現值總和等于收益
現金流入的凈現值出現金流出的凈現值一定數量或比例
全部未來預期現金流量的現值總和除以項目初始現金投資結果大于1
回收期出現在項目的第二年

6. Your company is establishing a cost of quality approach to determine the relative importance of its quality problems and to identify major opportunities for cost reduction. Your company believes this approach can help is evaluate its success in achieving quality objectives. When setting up this approach, you were asked to categorize four types of costs: prevention, appraisal, internal failure, and external failure. As you examine the cost of quality, however, you realize that training and its associated costs have become a major factor. Training costs are include in which one of the following areas?
Prevention costs
Appraisal costs
Internal failure costs
External failure costs

你們公司正在設立一個質量成本來判斷質量問題的相對性，并以此來識別降低成本的主要途徑. 你們認為這個方法有助于評估項目質量目標的實現程序. 這個方法啟用后，公司要你將成本分為四類：預防成本、評估成本、內部不合格成本和外部不合格成本. 然后當你檢查質量成本的時候，你發(fā)現培訓及相關費用也是一個主要的影響因素. 培訓成本被下列哪個方面之中？
預防成本
評估成本
內部不合格成本
外部不合格成本

7. Your organization is characterized by hierarchical organizational structures with rigid rules and policies and strict supervisory controls. Individual team members are not expected to engage in problem solving or use creative approaches to plan and execute work. But because a lot of company work involves crisis situations, this authoritarian management style has some benefits. Your organization is characterized by which one of the following theories?
Oucchi’s Theory
McGregor’s Theory X
Maslow’s self-esteem level
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

你們公司是一家規(guī)則政策嚴格、監(jiān)督控制嚴密而又等級森嚴的公司. 公司要求單獨的團隊成員不能獨自解決問題或者采取什么創(chuàng)新性的方法來計劃或執(zhí)行工作. 但是，由于許多公司的工作都要涉及到很緊急的時刻，這種獨裁的管理風格也還有些好處. 你們公司的特征符合下列哪種理論的說法？
奧齊理論
麥克格雷格X理論
馬列洛的自重水平
沃魯姆的期望理論